Munich, September 26 (ANI): Using a web of telescopes, astronomers have identified one of the nearest supernovae in the last 25 years, a decade after it exploded.
This result was made possible by combining data from the vast online archives from many of the world's premier telescopes.
The supernova, called SN 1996cr, was first singled out in 2001 by Franz Bauer.
Bauer noticed a bright, variable source in the Circinus spiral galaxy, using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory. Although the source displayed some exceptional properties Bauer and his Penn State colleagues could not identify its nature confidently at the time.
It was not until years later that Bauer and his team were able to confirm that this object was a supernova.
Clues from a spectrum obtained by ESO's Very Large Telescope led the team to start the real detective work of searching through data from 18 different telescopes, both ground- and space-based, nearly all of which existed.
Because this object was found in an interesting nearby galaxy, the public archives of these telescopes contained abundant observations.
The data show that SN 1996cr is among the brightest supernovae ever seen in radio and X-rays.
It also bears many striking similarities to the famous supernova SN 1987A, which occurred in a neighbouring galaxy only 160 000 light-years from Earth.
"This supernova appears to be a wild cousin of SN 1987A," said Bauer. "The two look alike in many ways, except this newer supernova is intrinsically a thousand times brighter in radio and X-rays," he added.
Visible-light images from the archives of the Anglo-Australian Telescope in Australia show that SN 1996cr exploded sometime between 28 February 1995 and 15 March 1996, but it is the only one of the five nearest supernovae of the last 25 years that was not seen shortly after the explosion.
Other major X-ray observatories in orbit like ROSAT and ASCA did not detect SN 1996cr, but since it was first detected by Chandra in 2001 it has become steadily brighter.
Previously, SN 1987A was the only known supernova with an X-ray output that increased over time.
"It's a bit of a coup to find SN 1996cr like this, and we could never have nailed it without the serendipitous data taken by all of these telescopes. We've truly entered a new era of 'internet astronomy'," said Bauer.
According to Vikram Dwarkadas of the University of Chicago, "Not only does our work suggest that SN 1987A isn't as unusual as previously thought, but it also teaches us more about the tremendous upheavals that massive stars can undergo over their lifetimes." (ANI)
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